MYR Nominal and Real Effective Exchange Rates

Last Update: July 23, 2018

Index 2000=100	Nominal Broad	Real Broad	Nominal Narrow	Real Narrow	Nominal ASEAN	Real ASEAN
Jan-00	96.62	95.86	97.37	96.67	94.82	94.20
Feb-00	98.08	97.57	99.03	98.56	96.21	95.87
Mar-00	98.09	97.78	98.86	98.71	96.84	96.35
Apr-00	98.18	98.07	98.91	98.94	97.14	96.80
May-00	99.77	99.60	100.31	100.21	98.99	98.41
Jun-00	99.00	99.03	99.14	99.25	99.41	99.03
Jul-00	99.98	100.14	99.84	100.01	101.53	101.63
Aug-00	100.22	100.62	100.15	100.53	100.28	100.91
Sep-00	101.18	102.01	100.78	101.51	101.87	102.59
Oct-00	102.40	102.94	101.70	102.14	103.74	104.29
Nov-00	102.97	103.45	101.76	102.04	104.51	105.27
Dec-00	102.78	102.93	101.43	101.41	103.94	104.65
Jan-01	103.10	102.93	101.96	101.64	103.68	104.23
Feb-01	103.22	102.83	102.27	101.82	103.31	103.70
Mar-01	105.06	105.05	104.05	103.94	105.36	106.18
Apr-01	106.95	107.25	105.49	105.58	109.19	110.40
May-01	106.87	107.24	105.46	105.57	109.54	110.56
Jun-01	107.60	108.03	106.10	106.12	109.74	110.64
Jul-01	108.21	108.58	106.65	106.43	109.66	111.22
Aug-01	105.57	106.17	104.18	104.15	104.75	106.30
Sep-01	105.04	105.69	103.24	103.23	104.44	105.89
Oct-01	106.47	107.18	104.80	104.73	108.08	109.51
Nov-01	107.00	106.62	105.60	104.43	109.20	109.78
Dec-01	107.77	107.03	106.78	105.36	109.00	109.45
Jan-02	109.06	108.19	108.28	106.56	109.60	110.30
Feb-02	109.28	108.34	108.59	106.69	109.02	109.79
Mar-02	108.56	107.03	107.86	105.45	108.37	108.39
Apr-02	107.86	106.62	107.40	105.40	107.51	107.46
May-02	105.92	104.76	105.51	103.62	105.58	105.76
Jun-02	104.32	103.04	103.97	101.93	104.32	104.35
Jul-02	102.35	101.23	101.66	99.72	103.00	103.20
Aug-02	103.08	102.24	102.17	100.50	103.61	103.95
Sep-02	103.72	102.91	102.78	101.11	104.49	104.75
Oct-02	104.73	104.08	103.70	102.12	106.07	106.63
Nov-02	103.67	102.80	102.59	100.77	105.20	105.71
Dec-02	103.35	102.33	102.23	100.26	104.63	105.07
Jan-03	101.66	100.74	100.39	98.44	103.73	104.78
Feb-03	101.73	100.75	100.39	98.47	104.24	104.98
Mar-03	101.85	101.39	100.33	98.97	104.64	105.76
Apr-03	101.77	101.53	100.33	99.20	105.41	106.94
May-03	99.75	99.24	98.30	96.89	103.00	104.07
Jun-03	99.50	98.91	98.31	96.83	102.59	103.57
Jul-03	100.47	99.51	99.10	97.12	104.57	106.19
Aug-03	100.80	100.22	99.35	97.75	104.94	106.97
Sep-03	99.82	99.38	98.42	96.98	104.08	105.99
Oct-03	98.14	97.66	96.67	95.05	102.89	104.82
Nov-03	98.14	97.58	96.53	94.79	102.94	105.02
Dec-03	97.15	96.50	95.33	93.50	102.24	104.28
Jan-04	95.97	95.76	94.22	92.66	101.23	103.69
Feb-04	95.76	95.74	94.13	92.85	101.06	104.33
Mar-04	96.69	97.00	95.15	94.14	101.93	105.06
Apr-04	96.65	97.20	95.14	94.60	101.48	105.10
May-04	98.03	98.55	96.21	95.65	103.51	107.33
Jun-04	97.74	98.17	95.57	94.81	104.32	107.88
Jul-04	97.48	97.77	95.51	94.35	103.77	107.65
Aug-04	97.88	98.33	95.75	94.71	104.43	108.42
Sep-04	97.67	98.05	95.47	94.39	103.75	107.56
Oct-04	96.89	96.98	94.50	93.24	103.06	106.31
Nov-04	94.96	94.76	92.80	91.31	101.51	104.60
Dec-04	94.12	93.71	92.11	90.29	100.98	103.94
Jan-05	93.99	93.45	92.27	90.03	100.29	102.93
Feb-05	94.03	93.86	92.69	90.86	100.09	103.23
Mar-05	93.74	93.86	92.42	90.76	100.02	103.48
Apr-05	94.79	95.15	93.52	92.31	101.53	105.60
May-05	94.91	94.58	93.72	91.73	101.56	104.92
Jun-05	96.12	95.44	95.02	92.48	103.24	106.13
Jul-05	97.40	97.14	96.18	93.83	104.61	108.60
Aug-05	97.26	96.68	95.84	93.16	104.64	108.45
Sep-05	97.51	97.27	96.00	93.70	105.34	109.35
Oct-05	98.30	98.35	96.63	94.35	105.15	110.38
Nov-05	98.94	98.28	97.47	94.42	105.13	109.92
Dec-05	98.38	97.67	97.04	93.94	103.90	108.57
Jan-06	97.09	96.43	96.43	93.25	101.83	106.40
Feb-06	98.02	97.40	97.65	94.49	101.93	106.80
Mar-06	98.39	96.51	97.92	93.44	101.86	105.23
Apr-06	98.68	97.43	98.16	94.41	101.48	105.60
May-06	98.63	97.45	97.76	94.01	102.31	106.35
Jun-06	98.22	96.86	97.07	93.03	102.22	105.82
Jul-06	97.96	96.46	96.90	92.54	101.05	104.69
Aug-06	97.49	96.29	96.45	92.44	100.23	104.06
Sep-06	97.69	96.27	96.79	92.53	100.31	103.87
Oct-06	97.66	96.32	96.55	92.34	100.08	104.28
Nov-06	97.49	95.83	96.48	91.94	99.72	103.65
Dec-06	99.19	97.68	98.26	93.86	101.19	105.35
Jan-07	100.73	98.59	100.30	95.01	102.06	105.11
Feb-07	100.66	98.84	100.36	95.47	101.26	104.79
Mar-07	100.09	98.69	99.65	95.20	100.49	104.22
Apr-07	101.38	100.37	100.80	96.46	101.72	106.42
May-07	102.46	101.76	102.12	98.06	102.77	108.04
Jun-07	101.39	100.64	101.41	97.23	101.77	106.80
Jul-07	100.15	99.60	100.27	96.29	100.14	106.14
Aug-07	99.30	98.95	98.53	94.83	100.69	106.86
Sep-07	98.86	98.62	97.94	94.24	100.58	106.64
Oct-07	100.34	100.78	100.03	96.54	100.99	108.51
Nov-07	99.62	99.79	98.70	95.09	100.82	108.27
Dec-07	100.44	100.54	99.64	95.86	100.71	107.88
Jan-08	101.18	101.40	99.92	96.10	101.83	109.70
Feb-08	101.95	102.58	100.57	97.06	102.56	110.96
Mar-08	101.39	102.46	98.96	95.84	102.97	111.96
Apr-08	102.34	103.87	99.77	96.81	103.84	114.56
May-08	101.51	102.90	98.58	95.35	102.77	113.92
Jun-08	100.72	98.81	97.62	91.08	102.62	110.21
Jul-08	100.27	97.86	96.79	89.74	103.00	110.67
Aug-08	99.98	97.31	96.54	89.37	102.47	109.64
Sep-08	98.23	95.75	93.87	87.01	100.74	108.06
Oct-08	98.82	96.88	92.90	86.55	101.45	110.20
Nov-08	98.65	97.23	91.53	85.55	103.78	113.65
Dec-08	97.55	96.53	90.02	84.51	103.08	113.01
Jan-09	97.30	96.35	89.72	84.11	103.20	113.25
Feb-09	97.47	96.44	89.54	83.82	103.69	113.83
Mar-09	97.21	96.44	89.37	83.81	103.38	113.52
Apr-09	97.46	97.01	90.65	85.17	103.21	113.52
May-09	97.58	97.03	91.33	85.72	102.61	112.93
Jun-09	96.91	96.34	90.97	85.27	101.82	111.89
Jul-09	95.38	94.66	89.50	83.87	100.14	109.89
Aug-09	95.80	95.24	90.09	84.56	100.53	110.54
Sep-09	95.30	94.61	89.48	83.79	100.17	109.96
Oct-09	96.37	95.69	90.63	84.74	100.80	110.85
Nov-09	96.26	95.45	90.50	84.47	100.79	110.70
Dec-09	96.21	95.36	90.57	84.45	100.51	109.99
Jan-10	97.49	97.15	92.39	85.97	101.34	112.12
Feb-10	97.14	97.21	91.97	85.94	101.00	112.34
Mar-10	99.49	99.64	94.62	88.56	102.63	114.29
Apr-10	102.94	103.63	98.56	92.76	105.09	118.28
May-10	102.98	103.60	98.19	92.34	104.60	117.94
Jun-10	103.05	103.43	97.93	91.63	104.36	117.30
Jul-10	103.30	103.54	97.81	91.25	104.93	118.44
Aug-10	103.87	104.12	98.48	91.89	105.14	118.84
Sep-10	104.28	104.71	99.02	92.53	105.16	118.94
Oct-10	102.19	102.72	96.60	90.13	104.13	118.12
Nov-10	101.95	102.58	96.54	90.13	103.49	117.75
Dec-10	102.13	102.69	96.87	90.30	103.61	117.91
Jan-11	103.84	105.20	98.15	91.57	106.15	122.32
Feb-11	103.87	105.16	97.98	91.33	106.27	122.19
Mar-11	103.52	105.05	97.48	91.16	105.84	121.92
Apr-11	102.84	104.04	97.31	91.24	104.30	119.03
May-11	102.28	103.46	96.62	90.53	103.77	118.71
Jun-11	101.58	102.61	95.73	89.41	103.24	117.87
Jul-11	102.14	103.54	96.45	90.26	103.50	119.56
Aug-11	101.96	103.45	95.72	89.71	103.39	120.01
Sep-11	100.47	101.98	93.99	88.11	102.80	119.02
Oct-11	99.59	101.24	92.49	86.46	103.47	120.94
Nov-11	99.55	101.15	92.52	86.36	103.75	121.68
Dec-11	100.06	101.67	92.97	86.80	104.12	122.06
Jan-12	100.89	102.93	93.93	87.82	104.88	122.89
Feb-12	102.87	105.05	96.22	90.04	106.07	124.35
Mar-12	103.15	105.89	96.68	91.05	105.80	124.69
Apr-12	102.69	106.36	95.84	91.07	105.37	125.35
May-12	102.23	105.69	94.99	89.98	105.09	125.06
Jun-12	100.42	103.63	93.20	87.94	103.56	123.29
Jul-12	100.62	103.56	93.64	88.14	102.85	122.31
Aug-12	101.75	105.06	94.62	89.32	103.92	124.13
Sep-12	101.99	105.55	94.68	89.58	104.22	124.93
Oct-12	102.76	107.18	95.07	90.13	105.93	128.44
Nov-12	102.96	107.19	95.45	90.31	105.77	128.18
Dec-12	103.07	107.71	95.72	90.93	105.77	128.88
Jan-13	103.91	108.34	97.09	91.96	105.51	127.57
Feb-13	102.81	107.68	96.24	91.59	103.79	126.23
Mar-13	103.15	107.86	96.79	91.94	103.63	125.71
Apr-13	105.15	109.75	98.79	93.83	104.95	126.42
May-13	106.97	111.40	100.36	95.05	107.08	128.91
Jun-13	103.15	107.55	95.70	90.65	104.45	126.03
Jul-13	102.48	107.19	94.73	89.73	105.04	128.90
Aug-13	99.87	104.71	91.66	87.10	103.55	127.79
Sep-13	100.89	105.33	92.50	87.52	105.42	129.24
Oct-13	101.71	105.50	93.60	88.23	106.08	129.02
Nov-13	101.71	105.32	93.49	87.98	106.25	129.42
Dec-13	100.90	104.28	92.45	86.84	106.36	129.26
Jan-14	99.75	102.24	91.67	85.38	104.00	124.26
Feb-14	99.24	101.67	91.24	84.93	103.06	122.95
Mar-14	99.85	102.39	92.22	85.97	103.08	123.05
Apr-14	100.67	104.02	92.80	87.13	103.95	124.51
May-14	101.35	104.86	93.51	87.91	104.85	125.87
Jun-14	101.92	105.33	94.01	88.18	105.76	126.74
Jul-14	102.35	105.92	94.52	88.68	104.95	124.92
Aug-14	102.92	106.44	95.05	89.19	105.44	125.73
Sep-14	102.84	106.44	95.15	89.32	105.12	125.05
Oct-14	102.14	104.99	94.33	87.88	105.52	125.98
Nov-14	101.42	103.57	93.94	86.88	104.27	124.16
Dec-14	98.85	101.09	91.53	84.70	101.50	121.18
Jan-15	97.36	100.24	90.68	84.17	99.47	119.89
Feb-15	97.72	101.59	91.17	85.56	99.81	121.09
Mar-15	96.63	99.73	90.36	84.26	98.83	119.05
Apr-15	96.50	99.89	89.43	83.67	99.84	120.05
May-15	97.22	100.50	89.69	83.77	101.26	121.75
Jun-15	94.17	96.87	86.74	80.52	98.27	117.54
Jul-15	92.93	94.49	85.82	78.85	96.29	113.25
Aug-15	88.15	89.72	81.04	74.58	92.47	108.81
Sep-15	83.78	85.61	76.51	70.64	88.90	104.84
Oct-15	84.44	85.88	77.36	70.92	89.49	105.52
Nov-15	84.29	85.16	77.47	70.55	88.87	104.25
Dec-15	85.07	85.97	78.00	71.08	89.67	105.27
Jan-16	84.77	85.73	77.75	70.65	89.00	104.56
Feb-16	87.07	88.44	79.62	72.69	90.85	106.74
Mar-16	88.31	90.36	80.99	74.52	91.70	108.57
Apr-16	90.83	93.16	82.88	76.59	95.43	113.89
May-16	88.36	90.40	80.43	74.02	93.20	110.86
Jun-16	87.24	89.32	79.40	73.10	91.66	109.41
Jul-16	88.42	90.11	80.80	73.93	91.98	108.49
Aug-16	87.50	88.87	79.99	72.98	91.52	107.73
Sep-16	85.92	87.76	78.65	72.19	90.08	106.43
Oct-16	85.47	87.26	78.28	71.72	90.61	107.84
Nov-16	83.74	84.67	76.89	69.79	88.71	104.80
Dec-16	82.75	83.76	76.29	69.37	87.40	103.47
Jan-17	82.84	83.45	76.32	68.64	87.66	103.83
Feb-17	82.41	82.03	76.12	67.64	87.40	102.32
Mar-17	82.36	82.15	76.13	67.79	87.22	102.27
Apr-17	82.22	82.37	75.99	68.21	86.18	99.95
May-17	83.70	84.03	77.30	69.51	87.88	102.27
Jun-17	83.89	84.48	77.26	69.61	88.07	102.78
Jul-17	83.02	83.35	76.37	68.57	86.76	100.48
Aug-17	82.28	82.09	75.43	67.32	86.37	99.38
Sep-17	83.31	83.15	76.25	68.10	87.41	100.56
Oct-17	83.56	83.37	76.56	68.46	87.85	101.10
Nov-17	84.59	83.98	77.63	69.08	88.79	101.87
Dec-17	86.07	85.52	79.04	70.42	90.24	103.54
Jan-18r	87.62	87.11	80.15	71.08	91.88	105.55
Feb-18r	88.08	88.04	80.13	71.49	92.92	107.08
Mar-18r	88.12	88.19	80.01	71.46	93.00	107.43
Apr-18r	88.73	88.85	80.53	71.87	93.55	107.98
May-18r	88.46	88.65	80.38	71.80	93.22	108.00
Jun-18*	88.33	88.52	80.29	71.69	93.02	107.78

^r Revised
*Preliminary

Link to Google Docs version

Technical Notes:

• Nominal indexes cover currency movements only, while Real indexes are inflation adjusted (deflated using CPI).
• CPI data is obtained from national sources where practicable. CPI data for China is from Haver Analytics.
• As CPI data usually comes with a 1-2 month lag, ARIMA forecasts of each countries CPI is conducted to round out the CPI deflators. Australia in particular only issues quarterly CPI data, which also needs to be interpolated. As such, the latest few months of real indexes should be considered as preliminary (marked with asterisks).
• Currency selection is based on a minimum of 1% of total Malaysian exports or imports. Some judgement was required as certain countries only breached that threshold for short periods, while others occasionally dropped below. Some countries were dropped due to lack of reliable data.
• The Broad indexes include Australia, China, the Euro Area, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Japan, Korea, the Philippines, Singapore, Taiwan, Thailand, the United Kingdom, and the United States from January 2000 to December 2003. Vietnam was added from January 2004 onwards.
• The Narrow indexes cover Malaysia’s top 5 trading partners as measured by export and import trade value – China, the Euro Area, Japan, Singapore, and the United States.
• The ASEAN indexes includes Indonesia, the Philippines, Singapore and Thailand from January 2000 to December 2003. Vietnam was added in 2004.
• The weighting scheme is based on 50% exports and 50% imports, with weights changed every quarter. Each change of weights includes a splicing adjustment. Trade data is sourced from BNM’s Monthly Statistical Bulletin.
• All indexes were calculated using geometric averaging.
• The Broad and ASEAN indexes are spliced from two separate indexes (2000=100, and 2004=100), due to the 2004 inclusion of Vietnam.